Journals Information
Universal Journal of Agricultural Research Vol. 11(3), pp. 566 - 576
DOI: 10.13189/ujar.2023.110307
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Chemical Profile of Hylocereus polyrhizus Flesh Water-based Extract: Assessment of Nutritional Value, Chemical Constituents and Potential Metal Toxicity
Siti Salwa Abd Gani 1,2,*, Ezzah Abd Manan 1, Uswatun Hasanah Zaidan 3, Mohd Izuan Effendi Helmi 3,4
1 Department of Agriculture Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
2 Halal Products Research Institute (IPPH), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Putra Infoport, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
3 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
4 Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
ABSTRACT
The flesh of red pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) was extracted using water and was evaluated for nutritional value, chemical constituents and potential metal toxicity. Nutritional value and chemical constituents were determined using proximate analysis and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) while potential metal toxicity was evaluated using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Brine Shrimp Lethality Bioassay (BSLB). Results of proximate analysis showed that extract had 0.67卤0.02 g/100 g ash, 1.39卤0.01 g/100g crude protein, 1.82卤0.06 g/100 g crude fiber, 87.52卤0.07 g/100 g moisture and pH value of 4.7. No fat constituent was detected. Content of macro essential elements namely calcium (Ca), sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K) in extract was 0.278 卤 1.5, 0.197 卤 0.01, 4.884 卤 0.3 and 59.629 卤 3.12 mg/L, respectively. Chemical constituents of extract were dominated by products of sugar degradation and Maillard reactions. For metal and heavy metal content, data obtained were compared with the highest desirable and recommended permissible concentrations of chemical in drinking water by World Health Organization (WHO) and all elements investigated were below the acceptable limit suggesting that the fruit is non-toxic. The extract also displayed zero percent mortality rate of brine shrimp at different concentrations indicating no toxicity activity. This result establishes the fact that red pitayas are safe for consumption. In addition, water also can be a nutritionally relevant extraction solvent and environmental-friendly.
KEYWORDS
Chemical Constituents, H. Polyrhizus, Nutritional Value, Potential Metal Toxicity, Water Extract
Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Siti Salwa Abd Gani , Ezzah Abd Manan , Uswatun Hasanah Zaidan , Mohd Izuan Effendi Helmi , "Chemical Profile of Hylocereus polyrhizus Flesh Water-based Extract: Assessment of Nutritional Value, Chemical Constituents and Potential Metal Toxicity," Universal Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol. 11, No. 3, pp. 566 - 576, 2023. DOI: 10.13189/ujar.2023.110307.
(b). APA Format:
Siti Salwa Abd Gani , Ezzah Abd Manan , Uswatun Hasanah Zaidan , Mohd Izuan Effendi Helmi (2023). Chemical Profile of Hylocereus polyrhizus Flesh Water-based Extract: Assessment of Nutritional Value, Chemical Constituents and Potential Metal Toxicity. Universal Journal of Agricultural Research, 11(3), 566 - 576. DOI: 10.13189/ujar.2023.110307.