Journals Information
International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Vol. 13(1), pp. 202 - 214
DOI: 10.13189/saj.2025.130122
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Developing an Android-Based Test for Identifying Rhythmic Gymnastics Potential in Young Children: Physical and Psychological Influences
Endang Murti Sulistyowati 1, Wawan Sudawan Suherman 1, Endang Rini Sukamti 1, Ilham 2,*, Bekir Erhan Orhan 3, Vlad Adrian Geant膬 4
1 Department of Sport Coaching, Faculty of Sports Science and Health, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia
2 Department of Health and Recreation, Faculty of Sports Science, Universitas Negeri Padang, Indonesia
3 Faculty of Sports Science, Istanbul Aydin University, Turkey
4 Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Romania
ABSTRACT
Rhythmic gymnastics has yet to be sufficiently popularized and remains relatively unfamiliar, particularly in D.I. Yogyakarta Elementary Schools, Indonesia. Therefore, developing specialized test instruments that primarily address psychological aspects related to children's interests is essential to enhance their awareness and engagement in learning. Objective: This study employs a research and development (R&D) approach to create an identification test instrument deliberately modified to incorporate psychological aspects, specifically focusing on self-efficacy in children. The test is designed to assist sports coaches and teachers in identifying children's potential for rhythmic gymnastics. It is comprised primarily of anthropometric and physical condition tests and self-efficacy dimensions to determine their influence. Materials and Methods: The study population included all elementary school students aged 7-9 years, with the sample restricted to female students, divided into two groups: a small-scale trial (n=33) and a large-scale trial (n=252). Seven experts conducted assessments to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed test. Results: The results drawn indicate that the Android-based identification test developed has demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability, with internal consistencies of 0.844 and 0.761 in both small and large groups, respectively. Several anthropometric factors, such as sitting height and arm span, significantly influenced rhythmic gymnastics skills (p<0.05). Physical component factors, including bridge, sit-and-reach, sit-up, and vertical jump, also significantly affected rhythmic gymnastics performance (p<0.05). However, the 20-meter run did not show significance in the T-test. Notably, self-efficacy was found to have a significant impact (p<0.05) on rhythmic gymnastics skills. Conclusions: The regression analysis further provided a relative contribution that is the basis for weighting or proportioning each independent variable in rhythmic gymnastics training for children aged 7-9.
KEYWORDS
Talent Identification, Android-Based Test, Early Childhood, Rhythmic Gymnastics
Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Endang Murti Sulistyowati , Wawan Sudawan Suherman , Endang Rini Sukamti , Ilham , Bekir Erhan Orhan , Vlad Adrian Geant膬 , "Developing an Android-Based Test for Identifying Rhythmic Gymnastics Potential in Young Children: Physical and Psychological Influences," International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 202 - 214, 2025. DOI: 10.13189/saj.2025.130122.
(b). APA Format:
Endang Murti Sulistyowati , Wawan Sudawan Suherman , Endang Rini Sukamti , Ilham , Bekir Erhan Orhan , Vlad Adrian Geant膬 (2025). Developing an Android-Based Test for Identifying Rhythmic Gymnastics Potential in Young Children: Physical and Psychological Influences. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 13(1), 202 - 214. DOI: 10.13189/saj.2025.130122.