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International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Vol. 13(3), pp. 626 - 635
DOI: 10.13189/saj.2025.130317
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Exploring the Role of Family, Peers, and Coaches in the Social Development of Handball Student Athletes

Ahmad Yani ^*, Sasmarianto , Alficandra , M. Fransazeli Makorohim
Physical Education Study Program, Universitas Islam Riau, Indonesia

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to investigate the relative influence and interaction effects of family members, peers, and coaches on the social development of handball student athletes in Riau Province, Indonesia. The research specifically examined how these three social agents contribute to athletes' social competence, identity formation, and psychological well-being. A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed, involving 287 handball student athletes (ages 14-19) from 15 schools across Riau Province. Data were collected using validated questionnaires measuring perceived support from family, peers, and coaches, as well as measures of social development outcomes. Path analysis was utilized to examine the direct and indirect relationships between variables. Family support demonstrated the strongest direct effect on athlete identity formation (尾 = 0.48, p < 0.01), while coach influence was most significant for skill development (尾 = 0.52, p < 0.01). Peer relationships showed the highest correlation with psychological well-being (尾 = 0.43, p < 0.01). Significant interaction effects were observed between family and coach influences (尾 = 0.31, p < 0.05), suggesting synergistic impacts when both support systems are strong. The social development of handball student athletes is optimized when all three social agents (family, peers, and coaches) provide complementary forms of support. The findings highlight the need for integrated approaches in youth sport programs that engage families, leverage peer dynamics, and train coaches in holistic athlete development.

KEYWORDS
Handball, Social Development, Youth Athletes, Family Influence, Peer Relationships, Coach-Athlete Relationships, Sport Psychology, Social Competence

Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Ahmad Yani , Sasmarianto , Alficandra , M. Fransazeli Makorohim , "Exploring the Role of Family, Peers, and Coaches in the Social Development of Handball Student Athletes," International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 626 - 635, 2025. DOI: 10.13189/saj.2025.130317.

(b). APA Format:
Ahmad Yani , Sasmarianto , Alficandra , M. Fransazeli Makorohim (2025). Exploring the Role of Family, Peers, and Coaches in the Social Development of Handball Student Athletes. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 13(3), 626 - 635. DOI: 10.13189/saj.2025.130317.