Journals Information
Universal Journal of Public Health Vol. 13(4), pp. 930 - 944
DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2025.130416
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Uncovering the Risk Factors of HIV and AIDS in Papua
Hasmi 1,*, Semuel Piter Irab 2
1 Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Cenderawasih University, Indonesia
2 Department of Public Health Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Cenderawasih University, Indonesia
ABSTRACT
Papua has the highest prevalence of HIV in Indonesia, with a complex and multifactorial epidemic. HIV risk factors in Papua involve a combination of social, cultural, economic, and behavioral aspects. This study aims to uncover HIV risk factors in Papua through Mantel-Haenszel analysis and analysis of prevalence ratio, chi-square, and risk attribute; multivariate analysis with logistic regression; and also qualitative data analysis. This study uses a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design and a qualitative method of case study design. Based on quantitative data analysis, it is known that a significant variable as a risk factor for HIV and AIDS in Papua with the highest attribute risk value is having the number of sex partners > 1, which is 24.6%. The variable with the highest prevalence ratio was injection drug use, which was 3.571 with a CI of 95% (2.16-5.88). Meanwhile, from the results of the chi-square analysis, the significant variables for the incidence of HIV/AIDS are the variables of education, gender, occupation, ethnicity, marital status, number of sex partners, injection drug use, and non-urban areas. There was a significant association between injection drug use and HIV/AIDS incidence after controlling for the number of sexual partners, with the Mantel-Haenszel OR value of 5.5 (p =0.002) and the Mantel-Haenszel OR 21.9 (p = 0.000). From the design of the case study, it is known that the pattern of HIV transmission in Papua is dominated by the factor of changing partners who do not use condoms due to alcohol consumption. In addition, stigma on people with HIV and cultural factors (polygamy, tribal warculture, and kumbi culture) also play a role in the increase in HIV and AIDS cases in Papua. The government's strategy to reduce HIV and AIDS cases in Papua should focus on comprehensive education efforts, massive screening, and stopping alcohol and drugs, as well as reducing stigma and discrimination against people with HIV/AIDS.
KEYWORDS
Risk of HIV, AIDS, Behavior, Culture, Free Sex
Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Hasmi , Semuel Piter Irab , "Uncovering the Risk Factors of HIV and AIDS in Papua," Universal Journal of Public Health, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 930 - 944, 2025. DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2025.130416.
(b). APA Format:
Hasmi , Semuel Piter Irab (2025). Uncovering the Risk Factors of HIV and AIDS in Papua. Universal Journal of Public Health, 13(4), 930 - 944. DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2025.130416.