Journals Information
Universal Journal of Public Health Vol. 13(4), pp. 964 - 970
DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2025.130418
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The Effectiveness of Mindfulness in Reducing Anxiety and Increasing Self-Efficacy among Breastfeeding Mothers, Working in a Small-Scale Company
Noor Azizah 1,2, Hanifa M. Denny 3,*, Mateus Sakundarno Adi 3, Sulistiyani Sulistiyani 3
1 Doctoral Program in Public Health, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
2 Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kudus, Indonesia
3 Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
ABSTRACT
The transition to work after maternity leave creates anxiety in mothers, which elevates cortisol levels that decrease milk production and lead to early breastfeeding termination. The intervention of mindfulness helps mothers develop awareness while creating positive emotions. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of mindfulness in reducing anxiety and increasing self-efficacy among breastfeeding mothers returning to work. This quasi-experimental study employed a pretest and posttest design with a control group. A total of 84 mothers who resumed work after maternity leave were divided into two intervention groups and a control group. Participants were selected based on the criteria of having given birth to a full-term baby with normal birth weight. The intervention consisted of six sessions. Data were collected using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) scale and Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale Short Form (BSES-SF). The Wilcoxon test was used for the data analysis. The results indicated significant differences in anxiety and self-efficacy levels before and after the intervention in both the intervention and control groups (p < 0.05). Anxiety levels decreased following mindfulness training, whereas self-efficacy in breastfeeding improved. These findings underscore the crucial role of workplace counselors in promoting exclusive breastfeeding among working mothers.
KEYWORDS
Mindfulness, Anxiety, Self-Efficacy, Breastfeeding, Maternity Leave
Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Noor Azizah , Hanifa M. Denny , Mateus Sakundarno Adi , Sulistiyani Sulistiyani , "The Effectiveness of Mindfulness in Reducing Anxiety and Increasing Self-Efficacy among Breastfeeding Mothers, Working in a Small-Scale Company," Universal Journal of Public Health, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 964 - 970, 2025. DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2025.130418.
(b). APA Format:
Noor Azizah , Hanifa M. Denny , Mateus Sakundarno Adi , Sulistiyani Sulistiyani (2025). The Effectiveness of Mindfulness in Reducing Anxiety and Increasing Self-Efficacy among Breastfeeding Mothers, Working in a Small-Scale Company. Universal Journal of Public Health, 13(4), 964 - 970. DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2025.130418.