Journals Information
Advances in Pharmacology and Pharmacy Vol. 13(4), pp. 721 - 729
DOI: 10.13189/app.2025.130422
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Phytological and Pharmacological Investigations of Extracts from Various Parts of Costus afer Ker Gawl.
Chinelo Anthonia Ezeabara *, Adaobi Maureen Obi-Nwoye , Ebubechukwu Princewill Okoye , Wisdom Chibuzo Anyanele
Department of Botany, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Costus afer Ker Gawl. is an erect, evergreen herbaceous plant with spirally arranged leaves, belonging to the family Costaceae. This study aimed to investigate the morphological, anatomical, phytochemical characters, and antimicrobial activity of the plant. Anatomical studies were carried out using paraffin wax embedding technique while morphological studies and phytochemical analysis were conducted using standard laboratory methods. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated using in vitro assays, including agar well diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Significant differences were determined using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results revealed distinctive morphological and anatomical features, including entire leaf margins, collateral and closed vascular bundles, and a light hair-like structure around the stem. Phytochemical analysis detected the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, steroids, tannins, and terpenoids in the leaf, stem, and root. The plant's extracts demonstrated a dose-dependent inhibitory effect against the tested bacterial and fungal pathogens, indicating a potential therapeutic application. Aspergillus fumigatus was the most susceptible to the plant extracts. The blend of root and stem extract showed strong antibacterial activity against Heampophilus infleunzae, Salmonella typhi, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Vibro cholera. The findings provide valuable information on the botanical and phytochemical properties of C. afer, highlighting its potential as a source of antimicrobial agents.
KEYWORDS
Antimicrobial Activity, Aspergillus fumigatus, Geotrichum candidum, Anatomical Characters, Phytochemical Characters, Morphological Characters, Plant Extracts
Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Chinelo Anthonia Ezeabara , Adaobi Maureen Obi-Nwoye , Ebubechukwu Princewill Okoye , Wisdom Chibuzo Anyanele , "Phytological and Pharmacological Investigations of Extracts from Various Parts of Costus afer Ker Gawl.," Advances in Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 721 - 729, 2025. DOI: 10.13189/app.2025.130422.
(b). APA Format:
Chinelo Anthonia Ezeabara , Adaobi Maureen Obi-Nwoye , Ebubechukwu Princewill Okoye , Wisdom Chibuzo Anyanele (2025). Phytological and Pharmacological Investigations of Extracts from Various Parts of Costus afer Ker Gawl.. Advances in Pharmacology and Pharmacy, 13(4), 721 - 729. DOI: 10.13189/app.2025.130422.