Journals Information
International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences Vol. 13(5), pp. 1003 - 1015
DOI: 10.13189/saj.2025.130501
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Analysis of Performance Determinants in Middle-Distance Runners: The Influence of Training Load, Physiological Traits, and Recovery Indicators
Neethu Pranankattil Radhakrishnan 1, Kuppuswamy Muralirajan 1, Dilshith Azeezul Kabeer 2, Wilson Vinu 2, Aravind Mattuchira Kumaran 2, Shareef Kalamban Kottarath 2, Safad Annar Kandi 2, Alexandru Ioan B膬ltean 3, Karuppasamy Govindasamy 4,*, Farjana Akter Boby 5, Vlad Adrian Geant膬 3
1 Alagappa College of Physical Education, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
2 Department of Physical Education and Sports, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
3 Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Aurel Vlaicu University of Arad, Romania
4 Department of Sports, Recreation and Wellness, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Hyderabad Campus, Telangana, India
5 Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Faculty of Health and Life Science, Daffodil International University, Bangladesh
ABSTRACT
Background. Middle-distance running performance depends on the body's ability to efficiently utilize oxygen, maintain cardiovascular fitness, and sustain endurance through structured training. However, excessive training can lead to fatigue and a higher risk of injury. Diet and physiological factors like muscle composition and oxygen transport capacity can also affect performance. Objective. This study investigates how training load, aerobic capacity, and cardiovascular efficiency influence performance in middle-distance runners, while also analysing gender-based differences in race outcomes. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 50 amateur middle-distance runners (25 men, 25 women) aged 21 to 28. Data collection included a questionnaire on demographics, race times, and weekly mileage, followed by physiological assessments. VO2max was measured using the Bruce Treadmill Protocol, and RHR was recorded with a digital heart rate monitor. Weekly mileage was tracked via GPS and manual lap counting. Statistical analyses included t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple regressions to determine performance predictors. Results. Higher weekly mileage significantly (p < 0.05) improved 1500m times, while greater VO2max was correlated with better 800m performance. Lower RHR was linked to enhanced endurance. Males ran faster than females, though no significant gender differences were found in injury rates. Dietary preferences did not significantly impact performance. Conclusion: Structured endurance training, aerobic development, and cardiovascular efficiency assessment are crucial for optimizing middle-distance performance. Implementing evidence-based training strategies can enhance athletic potential while minimizing injury risks.
KEYWORDS
Middle-Distance Running, VO2max, Resting Heart Rate, Training Loads, Performance Determinants, Injury Rates
Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Neethu Pranankattil Radhakrishnan , Kuppuswamy Muralirajan , Dilshith Azeezul Kabeer , Wilson Vinu , Aravind Mattuchira Kumaran , Shareef Kalamban Kottarath , Safad Annar Kandi , Alexandru Ioan B膬ltean , Karuppasamy Govindasamy , Farjana Akter Boby , Vlad Adrian Geant膬 , "Analysis of Performance Determinants in Middle-Distance Runners: The Influence of Training Load, Physiological Traits, and Recovery Indicators," International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, Vol. 13, No. 5, pp. 1003 - 1015, 2025. DOI: 10.13189/saj.2025.130501.
(b). APA Format:
Neethu Pranankattil Radhakrishnan , Kuppuswamy Muralirajan , Dilshith Azeezul Kabeer , Wilson Vinu , Aravind Mattuchira Kumaran , Shareef Kalamban Kottarath , Safad Annar Kandi , Alexandru Ioan B膬ltean , Karuppasamy Govindasamy , Farjana Akter Boby , Vlad Adrian Geant膬 (2025). Analysis of Performance Determinants in Middle-Distance Runners: The Influence of Training Load, Physiological Traits, and Recovery Indicators. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 13(5), 1003 - 1015. DOI: 10.13189/saj.2025.130501.