Journals Information
Universal Journal of Public Health Vol. 13(6), pp. 1509 - 1521
DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2025.130611
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Risk Factors, Early Detection, and Management of Dementia in the Geriatric Population: A Comprehensive Narrative Review
Amir Ishaq Alshizawi 1, Ibrahim Mustufa Topiwala 2, Prasanna Appiya Premvignesh 3, Abubakker Siddiq Mohamed Hameed 2, Latifa Nabeel Alsaad 4, Jayadevan Sreedharan 4,5, Jayakumary Muttappallymyalil 4,5,*
1 Department of Family Medicine, Dubai Health, United Arab Emirates
2 Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
3 College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, United Arab Emirates
4 Thumbay Institute of Population Health, Gulf Medical University, United Arab Emirates
5 Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, United Arab Emirates
ABSTRACT
Dementia is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder and a major public health challenge in aging populations. Its origins are multifactorial, involving genetic, vascular, metabolic, and psychological factors. Increasing age is the leading unchangeable risk factor for dementia, with a marked rise in incidence observed in individuals older than 65, especially with each subsequent five-year interval. The APOE 蓻4 allele further increases susceptibility, though its full impact remains incompletely understood. In contrast, modifiable lifestyle factors鈥攕uch as physical activity, education, and social engagement鈥攃an reduce risk and delay onset. Early detection remains a critical challenge, as mild cognitive impairment often goes unrecognized. While neuroimaging and biomarkers offer diagnostic potential, their high cost and limited accessibility hinder widespread adoption, especially in underserved regions. Emerging technologies, including AI-driven tools and mobile applications, show promise for scalable early detection, though their integration must be carefully managed to complement clinical judgment and human care. Management typically combines pharmacological treatments, such as cholinesterase inhibitors, with non-pharmacological approaches, including cognitive therapy and psychosocial support. However, dementia imposes a substantial burden on caregivers鈥攅motional, physical, and financial鈥攗nderscoring the urgent need for robust and sustainable support systems. This review highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to dementia care, integrating prevention, early diagnosis, and individualized management strategies to improve outcomes for both patients and caregivers.
KEYWORDS
Dementia, Geriatric Population, Risk Factors, Early Detection, Dementia Management, Multidisciplinary Care, Neurodegenerative Disorders
Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Amir Ishaq Alshizawi , Ibrahim Mustufa Topiwala , Prasanna Appiya Premvignesh , Abubakker Siddiq Mohamed Hameed , Latifa Nabeel Alsaad , Jayadevan Sreedharan , Jayakumary Muttappallymyalil , "Risk Factors, Early Detection, and Management of Dementia in the Geriatric Population: A Comprehensive Narrative Review," Universal Journal of Public Health, Vol. 13, No. 6, pp. 1509 - 1521, 2025. DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2025.130611.
(b). APA Format:
Amir Ishaq Alshizawi , Ibrahim Mustufa Topiwala , Prasanna Appiya Premvignesh , Abubakker Siddiq Mohamed Hameed , Latifa Nabeel Alsaad , Jayadevan Sreedharan , Jayakumary Muttappallymyalil (2025). Risk Factors, Early Detection, and Management of Dementia in the Geriatric Population: A Comprehensive Narrative Review. Universal Journal of Public Health, 13(6), 1509 - 1521. DOI: 10.13189/ujph.2025.130611.