Journals Information
Advances in Energy and Power(CEASE PUBLICATION) Vol. 5(4), pp. 58 - 62
DOI: 10.13189/aep.2017.050403
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Biological Improvement of Coal: Formica rufa Enzymes over Mining Fluid and Rumen Liquid
Cemil Koyuno臒lu 1,2,*, Ece Polat 3,4
1 Institute of Energy, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
2 Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Yalova University, Turkey
3 Department of Environmental Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Turkey
4 Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Turkey
ABSTRACT
Biological remediation of coal is based on the principle that the coal is converted to water-soluble products of various molecular weights to neutral pH or alkaline conditions. There are many studies in the related literature on the process of conversion of the cargo into water-soluble molecules. In this study, Azdavay Coal which was a key energy raw material of Kardemir Demir 脟elik Factory was examined using a novel biological treatment method. In the biological treatment of Azdavay Coal, coal was treated with Azdavay mining fluid, rumen liquid, and Formica rufa enzymes. In the results, an increase in the -OH group and a decrease in the fixed carbon value have occurred and the best efficient method was found as 2 days long Formica rufa treatment.
KEYWORDS
Azdavay Coal, Biological Improvement, Formica rufa, Rumen Liquid
Cite This Paper in IEEE or APA Citation Styles
(a). IEEE Format:
[1] Cemil Koyuno臒lu , Ece Polat , "Biological Improvement of Coal: Formica rufa Enzymes over Mining Fluid and Rumen Liquid," Advances in Energy and Power(CEASE PUBLICATION), Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 58 - 62, 2017. DOI: 10.13189/aep.2017.050403.
(b). APA Format:
Cemil Koyuno臒lu , Ece Polat (2017). Biological Improvement of Coal: Formica rufa Enzymes over Mining Fluid and Rumen Liquid. Advances in Energy and Power(CEASE PUBLICATION), 5(4), 58 - 62. DOI: 10.13189/aep.2017.050403.